Spindle support for machine tools



Patented Fe l). 19, 1952 SPIN DLE? SUPPQBHE FORKMA'CBIINEKTQOLSi Ottoman von Zelewsky, Neuhausen-on-the- Rheinfalig Switzerland, assignor to Georg Fischer, Aktiengesellschaft, Schaifhausen; Switzerland;- acompany-ofSwitzerland Application-Annals, 1950,..Scria1Nm156r535 In SWit Hand November 30, 1949 This, invention relatesto machine. tools. and refers more particularlyto spindle or stock supports of machine tools. y

In prior art roller bearings wereused, for supporting the work spindle of machine tools. close to the location of th e. work. It was found that bearings and supports ofthis type were often unsatisfactory since a slight. shiftingof the rings of the bearings toone side during the operati-on of the clamping elements could result in a shifting of the work spindle. On the other hand; the proper location and operation orthe, work" spindle is absolutely essential for-theproper-operation of the machine" tool. Heretofore it was attempted to correct these errors at the'timethe roller bearings were builtin by scraping or filing the clamping elements: this work consumes an excessive amount of time and has the further" disadvantage thatit-must Ice-carried out over .and over again at each new setting of-the bearing combination.

An object ofthe present invention is to eliminate these drawbaoks-and-to provide spindle supports which can bereadily andconvenientlybuilt in and which will assure perfect location of the spindle and the location of which will-remain unchanged.

Other objects of the present invention-will become apparent thecourse of the following specification.

The objects of,the-presentinvention may be realized through the-provision-of a supportfor the work spindle wherei-n-theroller bearings are held tightly with radial pIay-betWeen rings-pro vided with spheri cal= surfaces? The invention will appear moreclearly from the following detailed description when takenin connection with the-accompanyingdrawings showing, by; way o-f 'example, ar-preferred embodi ment ofthe -invem-tiveidea.

In the drawings Figure 1- is a diagrammatic, vertical section through theheadstockof a lathe;

Figure 2 isalongitudina-Psection through-the front bearing of the operating spindle nnvan ern larged scale;

Figure 3--is' alongitudinal section throughfihe rear bearing of the work spindle;

The spindle support constructed-inaccordance with the present invention is shown in'thedrawr ings, by way of-example; in itsiapplicationito a lathe tool, only a part ofwhich. is illustrated in Figure 1.

The headstock -casingl of thelathe t -encloses any suitable-motor3having a shaftuponi which.

is keyed a pulleyl. "I'h-e so-called=wedgebelt drive- 5 transmits the-drivefromthe pulley 4 to thepulleyfi whichis keyed upon thefirst gean shaft-1. The shaft"! carries agea-rassembly 8 which; is-keyed thereon.

A'-secondshaft-9 is located above-the shaft! and carries gear=- aggregates HI and l' l; which rotate along 1 with the; shaft-abut may beshifted axially -aleng the shaft by-anysuitable-means not show-n the drawings. In the ex'an ipleillustra-ted thegear aggregate 8 has three gears Ba, 8t and Be, while. the-gearnggregata 10 has the gears I Oar; 10b and 1 00. Similarly; the-.1 gear aggregate II hasethe gearsd I a; band-I lci A-erotary spind-le l=2- is lecated abovevthe shaft Sand-has agea-r wheel-3 Lprovided with :thagears 31a and-31.2 Ibis-apparentsthatby asu-itable. selection (if-meshing: gears the d-rive-of the spindle l2 may be varied withinJargeiimitations;

The ice-It drive-is located within a suitable-casing =l3-whic;h-is held --npon :the casing t,- and which may be easilyremovedw when necessary;

The spindle l2 has a front'.bearing=mounted'in the portion ta'of the casing l and shown in greater detail in Figure 2g aswell: asairear-beari ng mounted inthe portion J b of' -thelcasing t; and illustrated greater detaii im Ftgurefi; As shown in Figure 2, the spindle l2 terminates in'aconical proj ection ltiiand is firmly \cnnnected with a conical worn-holder l4: spindle ,IiZ carries a. clamping ring I 5 '1, used for: operating the clamping and holding devicesisuch asetappersl clamping chucks and the-like which-r are. shown in the drawings, and which may be mount ed upon the: conical projection.l hi.

Thatpertiomof the.- spindle: laZ'which isi-locat li directlyin. frontorvthecasina leis providedw h threads-Hand carries: aenntsl 8:; A. holdingscreyr Hands-an insert 43.: are usedtomlamp ,firrnly vthe. nut i8 uponthmthreada t?tof:the;spindle l2.

A1. portion. ofiithe-r spindle w i h,;. t- .d withincthe-casing l: amgnical snrfaee l9 which carries a cylindrical roller bearing 20 comprisinganlinnen-rin'g; 2 flag-zandjn outer; ring I 2.0 b. The inner ring 20a presses at its right sid ache mg: the directionof; Figure 2):; agai st a Side surface o;f--:the nual 8;;

A ring 22 which is provided with inner threads 5min attached: to.-..the, casingC ltbnmeans 10.f.. bo1ts mane-serves asna flange: enclosinga thr d d ring -23.:which;is,screwedginto the ringfly A.,set screws 44;: an: insert; 45 extend-z thr ueh h ring Hand-pressagainstzthetrin 1 s st qnr ventdtssturninain relation to the ring; 2..

The z'hhasran snh m al; surface-V which engages the corresponding surface 28 of an intermediate ring 24. The ring 24 presses against the right side (looking in the direction of Figure 2) of the outer ring b of the cylindrical roller bearing 20.

A distancing ring or sleeve 25 is mounted upon the spindle l2 next to the cylindrical roll-er bearillg- 20. The sleeve 25 carries two ball bearings 26. A distancing ring 21 is located between the outer end of ring 26a of the roller bearings 26 and the outer ring 2012 of the bearing 20. It is apparent that the rings of the roller bearing 20 extend axially while the rings of the ball hearing 26 extend transversely thereto.

A distancing ring- 30 is provided with a spherical surface 29 which is in engagement with a corresponding spherical end surface of the sleeve" The gear wheel 3|, a part of which is shown in Figure 2 is keyed upon the spindle I2 and is held axially by a nut 32 which is screwed upon a threaded surface 32a of the spindle l2, and which is held in place by a set screw 46 and an insert 41.

The spindle |2 has a rear end portion 5| shown in Figure 3. The support for this rear end of the spindle l2 includes an intermediate ring 33 having a spherical surface which is in engagement with a correspondingspherical surface of the spindle l2. A cylindrical roller bearing 34 is located between the ring 33 and an intermediate ring 35 which engages the pulley 36 of a belt drive; the pulley 36 is keyed upon the spindle l2 and may serve for operating a feed drive which is not shown in the drawings.

The ring 33, the roller bearing 34, the ring 35 and the pulley 36 are all held by anut 31 which is screwed upon the threaded portion 31a of the spindle l2 and which is held in place by a set screw 48 and an insert 49.

The outer ring 34b of the cylindrical roller bearing- 34 is held in place in the casing wall lb by means of a flange ring 38 which is attached to the wall lb by bolts 39.

The intermediate ring 35 and the pulley 36 have a common spherical surface 4|.

The end portion 5| of the work spindle can carry clamping elements or various work-holding devices.

The removal of the spindle l2 and its assembly are accomplished as follows:

When dismantling, firstly, the casing l3 (Fig. 1) is removed and then the nut 31 (Fig. 3) is unscrewed and withdrawn together with the pulley 36. v a

In the front support (Fig. 2) the set screw 46 is unscrewed, thereby loosening the nut 32. Then the bolts 2| are removed freeing the ring 22 although the inner threaded ring 23 remains in clamping engagement by means of the set screw 44. After the removal of the gear wheel 3| the rotary spindle |2' can be pulled out of the casing to the right (looking in the direction of Fig ure 2) For assembly purposes reversed.

The adjustment of the radial play of the front support shown in Figure 2 is carried out as follows:

Firstly, the set screw 46 and the nut 32 are loos-' ened and thereupon the set screw 42 and the threaded flange l8 are also loosened. Then the nut 32 is screwed on until the radial play in the cylindrical roller bearing 20 has reached the desired amount. It is apparent that the turning of the nut 32 will move the gear wheel 3|, the

the same procedure is intermediate ring 30 and the distancing sleeve 25 so that the inner ring- 20a of the cylindrical roller bearing 20 is shifted upon the conical surface IQ of the spindle l2, thus achieving the radial adjustment in the roller bearing 20.

Upon completion of this radial adjustment the threaded flange I8 is again screwed on upon the threads H of the spindle I2 and then is set by the set screw 42. Thereupon, the nut 32 is set by means of the set screw 46. It should be noted that this radial adjustment does not affect the axial adjustment of the device.

The axial adjustment of the front support shown in Figure 2 is carried out as follows:

- Firstly, the set screw 44 located in the ring 22 is unscrewed. Then the ring 23 is turned by means of a suitable tool until the axial play of the two ball bearings 26 has attained the desired amount. This axial play of the ball bearings 26 is regulated by pressing the ring 23 against the ring 24 which transmits the pressure to the outer ring 201) of the cylindrical roller bearing 20, the distancing ring 21 and the end ring 26a of the axial ball bearings 26. Thereupon, the ring 23 is again held firmly by turning the set screw 44.

It should be noted that this axial adjustment does not influence the radial adjustment in any way.

It is apparent that the assembly, dismantling and adjustment of the rear support, shown in Figure 3, are carried out in a substantially similar manner.

An important advantage of the described support is that it avoids the clamping or jamming of the axial bearings and the radial bearings, as well as of the gear wheel since the intermediate rings of these bearings can be set upon spherical supporting surfaces even when the supports or clamping members have been shifted to a sub- V stantial extent.

It is apparent that the example shown above has been given solely by way of illustration and not by way of limitation, and that it is subject to many variations and modifications within the scope of the present invention. All such variations and modifications are to be included within the scope of the present invention.

What is claimed is:

1. In machine tools, in combination with a spindle having a conical portion, a roller bearing having an inner ring engaging said conical portion and an outer ring, said rings extendin in the direction of the spindle axis, a sleeve enclosing another portion of said spindle and engaging said inner ring of the roller bearing a ball bearing mounted upon said sleeve and having rings extending transversely to the spindle axis, a ring interposed between said roller bearing and said ball bearing, a ring located at the outer side of said roller bearing and having a spherical surface, a ring located at the inner side of said ball bearing and having a spherical surface engaging said sleeve, and adjustable clamping means engaging the second-mentioned and the thirdmentioned rings.

2. In machine tools, in combination with a spindle having a conical portion, a roller bearing having an inner ring engaging said conical portion and an outer ring, said rings extending in the. direction of the spindle axis, a sleeve enclosing another portion of said spindle and engaging said inner ring of the roller bearing, a ball bearing mounted upon said sleeve and having rings extending transversely to the spindle axis, a ring interposed between said roller bearing and said 5 ball bearing, a ring located at the outer Side of said roller bearing and having a spherical surface, a ring located at the inner side of said ball bearing and having a spherical surface engaging said sleeve, a threaded adjusting ring engaging the first-mentioned spherical surface, and adjusting means engaging the third-mentioned ring.

OTTOMAR VON ZELEWSKY.

6 REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

5 UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,779,781 Ryder Oct. 28, 1930 1,984,718 Wistrand Dec. 18, 1934 

